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Braulio
Carrillo National Park (Zurquí sector)
Consisting of 44,099 hectares of virgin rain forest, this is one of Costa
Rica's largest national parks. Although the park extends into portions of four
different provinces, most visitors enter via the highway from San Jose. Only
30 minutes away from downtown, entering the park is like entering another
world -- one of endless verdure and dripping with the frequent mists and rains
that bathe the upper reaches of the mountain pass that the road winds through.
As you continue following the highway through the park you will descend
from an elevation of more than 1500 meters to less than 500 meters above sea
level on the Caribbean side of the Barva Volcano massif. Although perhaps not
immediately apparent to the average visitor, there is a nearly complete change
of flora and fauna between the two ends of this 1000 meter elevational
transect. Trails at both the upper and lower ranger stations allow access to
the rain forest, however, be careful as they have some steep and slippery
sections. Also, caution should be used if stopping anywhere along the highway
other than at the ranger stations as, unfortunately, there have been numerous
cases during the past few years of tourists being robbed at gunpoint while
attempting to use trails where there is no park service vigilance.
When crossing the Río Sucio bridge, be sure to look upstream (on your right
if traveling from San José towards Limón). Here the Río Sucio (literally
"Dirty River") joins the Río Hondura which comes in from the right.
Unless it has been raining very heavily, the difference between these two
streams is striking -- the Hondura is a clear mountain stream, while the Sucio
can vary from grayish to reddish-orange due to its origins on the ash-covered
upper slopes of Irazú Volcano!
Among the more than 400 species of birds known from Braulio Carrillo National
Park, a few of the more sought after species by inveterate birdwatchers are:
Bare-necked Umbrellabird, Snowcap, Sharpbill, Brown-billed Scythebill,
Black-crowned Antpitta, Yellow-eared Toucanet, and Latticed-tailed Trogon.
Tanagers and hummingbirds, in particular, abound in the lower and middle
elevations of the park. The mammals are similarly diverse, but usually not
easily seen. Several of the relatively more common species are: Deppe's
Squirrel, White-nosed Coati, White-throated Capuchin, and Northern Tamandua.
Getting there: From downtown San José take Calle 3 out of town, where it
becomes the new highway to Limón. By bus, take either the Guápiles,
Siquirres, or Limón bus to either of the ranger stations; however, please
note that not all buses will necessarily stop to pick you up on the return (if
they're full they probably won't stop).
Climate: Be prepared for rain! The temperature at the upper ranger station can
often be chilly, so a jacket or sweater will come in handy. It is usually
comfortably warm at the lower station, although if the sun is out it can be
hot. Boots are definitely recommended for the trails as they are rarely dry.
History: When the government announced plans in 1973 to build a new highway to
Limón through a mountainous area of essentially virgin rain forest, local
conservationists were instrumental in persuading the authorities to declare a
new national park to protect this important area from settlement --
historically the case wherever a new transportation route is put through an
unpopulated region.
The park was created in 1978 and named after the nation's third Chief of
State, Braulio Carrillo, who, as one of Costa Rica's principal promoters of
coffee plantations in the 1830's, proposed that a road be built to connect the
Central Valley with the Caribbean coast so that the invaluable beans could
reach European markets in much less time than it took to ship them from
Puntarenas and around the tip of South America. Although the project was not
carried out in his lifetime, a cobblestone oxcart path was constructed in the
1880's to fulfill that purpose. It was only used for a decade or so, however,
because in 1895 the railroad from San José to Limón was inaugurated.
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